Epileptiform Activity: Causes & Reasons

Possible Causes for Epileptiform Activity

However, little is currently known about the modulation of these networks by epileptiform activity, such as interictal spikes and seizures. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Neurophysiologic findings in NTLE are typically a predominance of lateral temporal interictal epileptiform activity (IEA) and an ictal onset pattern consisting of irregular [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

It also reduced the frequency of miniature EPSCs (mEPSCs) in granule cells from epileptic, but not control, rats and depressed granule cell epileptiform activity dependent [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Epilepsy

It remains unclear whether seizures and epileptiform activity on the EEG are causative or comorbid. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Through an accurate Video-EEG polygraphic analysis, we demonstrated that seizures are related to an abnormal increase of epileptiform activity after eye-closure or loss of [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Her EEG at 2 years was reported as showing frequent left central epileptiform activity. [brain.oxfordjournals.org]

Traumatic Brain Injury

Ling, Spontaneous Epileptiform Activity in Rat Neocortex after Controlled Cortical Impact Injury, Journal of Neurotrauma, 27, 8, (1541), (2010). [dx.doi.org]

epileptiform activity). [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Kombian, Anticonvulsant enaminone E139 suppresses epileptiform activity in rat hippocampal slices, Epilepsy Research, 76, 2-3, (85), (2007). Steven L. Neese, Luke K. [dx.doi.org]

MERRF Syndrome

Generalized epileptiform discharges in 84.2% of patients, while focal discharges were present in ten patients. One of the patient had multifocal epileptiform activity. [bioline.org.br]

The EEG of patients with MERRF usually exhibits variation in the degree of slowing of background activity and generalized epileptiform activity, which may worsen with intermittent [doi.org]

It reveals a high lactic acid peak.[2] Electrophysiological testing Electroencephalogram (EEG) may reveal a slow background activity with generalized epileptiform discharges [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Hyponatremia

Hyponatremia Other names Hyponatraemia, low blood sodium, hyponatræmia Sodium Specialty Internal medicine Symptoms Decreased ability to think, headaches, nausea, poor balance, confusion, seizures, coma[1][2] Types Low volume, normal volume, high volume[3] Diagnostic method Serum sodium < 135 mmol/L[2] Differential[…] [en.wikipedia.org]

Hyperglycemia

Abstract Background: The diagnosis of diabetic hyperglycemia (DH) does not preclude a diabetes patient from having a stress-induced hyperglycemic response. This study aimed to define the optimal level of elevated glucose concentration for determining the occurrence of stress-induced hyperglycemia (SIH) in[…] [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Reading Epilepsy

Affiliations PMID: 36193020 DOI: 10.1684/epd.2022.1496 Free article Case Reports Visual word form area hyperexcitability associated with focal epileptiform activity in a case [pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

EEG-triggered functional MRI of interictal epileptiform activity in patients with partial seizures. Brain 1999;122: 1679–1688. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

A case of primary reading epilepsy is reported in which comprehension was the effective stimulus in provoking epileptiform activity. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Acquired Epileptic Aphasia

An underlying cause of the epileptiform activity in LKS has not been elucidated. [ajnr.org]

Epileptiform activity in aphasia of childhood: an epiphenomenon? Epilepsia 1981; 22:631-639 [PubMed] [Google Scholar] 22. Tuchman RF. Acquired epileptiform aphasia. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

activity without causing cortical dysfunction. [patient.info]

Epilepsy with Continuous Spikes and Waves during Slow-Wave-Sleep

epileptiform activity (Sánchez Fernández, et al. 2012c). [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

EE epileptiform activity may be focal, multifocal, unilateral, asymmetric or symmetric bilateral, and diffusive. [pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Interpretation: Qualitative improvements in epileptiform activity and cognition occurred in patients treated with clobazam for 3 months and the relationship between epileptiform [pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Focal Epilepsy - Speech Disorder - Mental Retardation

epileptiform activity on the patient are unclear. [emedicine.medscape.com]

Specific cutoff thresholds or measurement methods for epileptiform activity frequency have yet to be defined. [jcsm.aasm.org]

Overall, our study confirms previous findings about the preferential occurrence of epileptiform activity during CAP. [semmelweis.hu]

Rolandic Epilepsy

This impairment could be correlated with the amount of nocturnal epileptiform activity. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Abstract Benign rolandic epilepsy (BRE) and Landau-Kleffner syndrome (LKS) are similar epilepsy syndromes with sleep-accentuated epileptiform activity, sporadic seizures, [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

CONCLUSION: In RE, structural connectivity is reduced for several connections involving the rolandic regions, from which the epileptiform activity originates. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Kohlschütter-Tönz Syndrome

Electroencephalography (EEG) typically shows epileptiformic activities and a loss of normal background activities. [xpertdox.com]

[…] background activity that was abnormal, focal discharges over the temporal lobe, and multifocial epileptiform activity. [9] Several patients showed a loss of normal background [en.wikipedia.org]

[…] cerebellar in four individuals and basal ganglia has been evident through MRIs. [2] [7] Electroencephalography [ edit ] Electroencephalography (EEG) in one patient showed epileptiformic [en.wikipedia.org]

Photosensitive Occipital Lobe Epilepsy

An Oz electrode was critical in identifying epileptiform activity in some patients. [pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

●Pathophysiology – Patients exhibit a photoparoxysmal response (PPR) (epileptiform activity on EEG) provoked by intermittent photic stimulation (IPS). [medilib.ir]

Other findings include bilateral frontally predominant paroxysms and wide distribution diffuse posterior sharp or spike activity.[1] EEGs may record bilateral epileptiform [eyewiki.aao.org]

Postictal State

Studies of chronic partial epilepsy show that interictal epileptiform activity is more frequent after seizures (postictal activation). 2 Sundaram et al. 3 reported an increased [nejm.org]

The most consistent risk factors for PP are evidence of bilateral or widespread CNS injury, including encephalitis, head injury, bilateral interictal epileptiform activity [doi.org]

Although not common, forced normalization, with suppression of interictal epileptiform activity during PP, was associated with prolonged PP (≥12 weeks) in two patients ( 27 [doi.org]

Photosensitive Epilepsy

Left bottom: noise patterns do not elicit large gamma oscillations and are also unlikely to trigger epileptiform activity. Credit: Hermes et al. [popularmechanics.co.za]

See Hamandi (doi:10.1093/awx049) for a scientific commentary on this article.Photosensitivity is a condition in which lights induce epileptiform activities. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Right top: the same patterns that elicit gamma oscillations are also the most likely to evoke epileptiform activity and seizures in patients with photosensitive epilepsy. [popularmechanics.co.za]

Nocturnal Frontal Lobe Epilepsy

During vPSG studies, four of ten patients with NFLE seizure events had concurrent epileptiform EEG activity, and two patients had interictal epileptiform EEG activity during [pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

EEG monitoring also revealed interictal epileptiform activity in the frontal regions. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

activity in almost 50%; in the majority of those that do show abnormalities, focal attenuation or rhythmic theta or delta is the prominent rhythm, and 10% of the abnormalities [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Reflex Epilepsy

On interictal EEG, no epileptiform activity was found, even during hyperventilation. [pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

activity. [pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

When a significant mass of epileptogenic cortex is stimulated in response to a reflex activity, it can lead to generalized epileptiform activity or a clinical seizure via [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Epilepsia Partialis Continua

In our exceptional case one-sided extremity twitches related to epileptiform activity in the ipsilateral frontal lobe. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

The independent spikes in her frontal and parietal regions suggested the presence of a large epileptogenic zone generating independent epileptiform activities in the pre-central [europeanreview.org]

[…] ictal activity which was followed by periodic lateralized epileptiform discharges (PLEDs) from the right frontal lobe When the standard treatment with benzodiazepines and [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Focal Motor Seizure

If a seizure begins in the hand area, there may be spread of epileptiform activity rostrally and caudally. [78stepshealth.us]

epileptiform activity. [scielo.br]

The cerebral cortex is the only area from which epileptiform activity arises with any frequency. [dartmouth.edu]

Limbic Encephalitis

Electroencephalography showed focal or generalized slowing and/or epileptiform activity, maximal in the temporal regions, in all 22 patients tested. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Patients usually present with mesial temporal lobe seizures with interictal temporal epileptiform activity and slowing, short-term or episodic memory disturbance, and a variety [frontiersin.org]

Panayiotopoulos Syndrome

During non-rapid eye movement (NREM) sleep, the EEG showed epileptiform activity of continuous spike-wave greater than 85% (Fig 2). [scielo.br]

EEG revealed an abnormal pattern with recurrent multifocal epileptiform activity over the bilateral occipital and frontal regions during sleep. [pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Immediate inhibition of epileptiform activity was evident upon closure of the eyes and upon inhibition of fixation by the use of Frenzel lenses [8]. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Epilepsy of Infancy with Migrating Focal Seizures

Unusually high-amplitude epileptiform activity associated with subcontinuous dystonic-dyskinetic movements, with superimposed myoclonic jerks. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Only 6 EEGs (one each in 6 patients) did not show epileptiform activity: when seizures were controlled in 4, in a sedated sleep EEG in one, and during a chest infection with [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

EEG revealed a series of seizures and multifocal epileptiform activities (Supplemental Figure S3A and S3B). [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Audiogenic Epilepsy

(C) Expanded timescale of epileptiform activity highlighted in B (1–3, gray). Inherent CNS hyperexcitability results from Kcnj16 mutation. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Does epileptiform activity represent a failure of neuromodulation to control central pattern generator-like neocortical behavior? Front. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

The follow-up cerebral MRI scan and video-EEG recording at 6 months showed no structural abnormalities or epileptiform activity. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Todd Paralysis

(Brain neoplasm) Introduction Definition generation of epileptiform activity in a focal brain region that does not cause any alteration in conciousness Etiology structural [medbullets.com]

The cerebral cortex is the only area from which epileptiform activity arises with any frequency. [dartmouth.edu]

An electroencephalogram (EEG) revealed left hemispheric slowing but no epileptiform activity. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Permanent Neonatal Diabetes Mellitus

Post-Cardiac Arrest Syndrome

Differential association of subtypes of epileptiform activity with outcome after cardiac arrest. [scielo.org.co]

Febrile Infection-Related Epilepsy Syndrome

Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT), as described by Mirás-Veiga et al. (37) in one patient, also showed a decreased epileptiform activity. [revistas.unal.edu.co]

Electroencephalogram that reflects temporary, bilateral and independent epileptiform activity in the interictal sleep records. November 2015. Source: Patient’s studies. [revistas.unal.edu.co]

Cerebral Calcification - Cerebellar Hypoplasia

Typical EEG abnormalities are background slowing and multifocal epileptiform activity. [frontiersin.org]

Developmental and Epileptic Encephalopathy Type 4

epileptiform activity on the patient are unclear. [emedicine.medscape.com]

Early-onset epileptic encephalopathies are characterized by severe seizures (often infantile spasms), very frequent interictal epileptiform activity on a disorganized EEG [n.neurology.org]

Diagnosis The interictal EEG reveals multifocal epileptiform activity and slowing. Diffuse slowing of the background activity. Few patients may have a normal EEG. [intechopen.com]

Developmental and Epileptic Encephalopathy Type 19

epileptiform activity on the patient are unclear. [emedicine.medscape.com]

Early-onset epileptic encephalopathies are characterized by severe seizures (often infantile spasms), very frequent interictal epileptiform activity on a disorganized EEG [n.neurology.org]

Diagnosis The interictal EEG reveals multifocal epileptiform activity and slowing. Diffuse slowing of the background activity. Few patients may have a normal EEG. [intechopen.com]