Myoclonus: Causes & Reasons

Possible Causes for Myoclonus

Misdiagnosis of a more severe progressive myoclonus epilepsy (PME) as JME has been suggested as a cause of drug-resistance. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

[…] myoclonic epilepsy who were switched from sodium valproate to levetiracetam to avoid the cosmetic or future teratogenic effect, but this switch was associated with exaggerated myoclonus [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Progressive myoclonus epilepsies: clinical and genetic aspects. Epilepsia. (1993) 34(Suppl. 3):S19–30. PubMed Abstract | Google Scholar 14. [frontiersin.org]

Dialysis Dementia

The clinical picture was characterized by an insidious onset of altered behaviour, dementia, speech disturbance, myoclonus, and convulsions. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Abstract Six maintenance hemodialysis patients with dialysis dementia (severe mental deterioration, speech disturbances, apraxia, facial grimacing, and myoclonus) were studied [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Their illness was characterized by an insidious onset of mental deterioration, speech disturbance, apraxia, and myoclonus. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Myoclonic-Astatic Epilepsy

[…] and ipsilateral cortical areas, whereas myoclonus in MAE appears to be a primary generalized epileptic phenomenon. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

We herein reported a 20-year-old male patient with non-progressive familial myoclonus epilepsy. [ci.nii.ac.jp]

[…] including all follow-up variables, there were three groups: (1) Thirty-seven children with male predominance, familial history of epilepsy, simple febrile convulsions, massive myoclonus [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Progressive Myoclonic Epilepsy

Progressive myoclonus epilepsies: clinical and neurophysiological diagnosis. J Clin Neurophysiol 1991;8:261-74. [medlink.com]

At that same time, ataxia and myoclonus were first noted, clinical diagnosis of myoclonus epilepsy was made. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Classification of progressive myoclonus epilepsies and related disorders. [thieme-connect.com]

Idiopathic Generalized Epilepsy

This study suggests that oral suspension of OXC can precipitate myoclonus. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Abstract Brain dysfunction in Japanese benign adult familial myoclonus epilepsy (BAFME) has not been elucidated. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Further trials of piracetam for control of myoclonus in patients with IGE are justified. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Neuronal Ceroid Lipofuscinosis

No cortical component linked to myoclonus could be found with a backaveraging technique. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

The clinical features of LINCLs include visual loss and progressive myoclonus epilepsy (PME) characterized by myoclonus, seizures, ataxia, and both mental and motor deterioration [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

No data on myoclonus c.446G>A/c.890delC p.Arg149His/p.Pro297LeufsX53 Ku8 USA II-1 ? [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

MELAS Syndrome

[…] epilepsy AND ragged red fibers Myoclonus epilepsy and ragged red fibers syndrome Myopathy, mitochondrial Neurogenic muscle weakness, ataxia and retinitis pigmentosa Pearson's [icd9data.com]

MERRF includes myoclonus and ataxia. MELAS has cortical blindness and hemiparesis as distinctive features. [pediatricneurologybriefs.com]

Dystonia, chorea, and myoclonus are more commonly described as initial manifestations. [oatext.com]

Epilepsy with Generalized Tonic-Clonic Seizures

Absence seizures can also have brief twitches (myoclonus) that can affect a specific part of the body or just the eyelids. [epilepsy.com]

Massive epileptic myoclonus implies that a bilateral jerk is large enough to create a fall. [neupsykey.com]

Focal motor seizure with negative myoclonus - a sudden interruption in normal tonic muscle activity lasting 500 milliseconds or less, without evidence of preceding myoclonus [epilepsydiagnosis.org]

Opsoclonus-Myoclonus Syndrome

Myoclonus indicates sudden, quick jerks of a muscle. In children this condition is often associated with neuroblastoma. [pathology-india.com]

Diagnosis - Opsoclonus Myoclonus Syndrome Prognosis - Opsoclonus Myoclonus Syndrome Treatment - Opsoclonus Myoclonus Syndrome Resources - Opsoclonus Myoclonus Syndrome Not [checkorphan.org]

Myoclonus Associated With Celiac Disease.pdf "Opsoclonus-myoclonus associated with celiac disease" (PDF). [en.wikipedia.org]

Metabolic Encephalopathy

Myoclonus is multifocal, appearing as brief shock-like contractions of large muscle groups. [aneskey.com]

Confusion, seizures, slow EEG with triphasic waves, peripheral asterixis, and myoclonus Polyneuropathy seen in hepatic disease is often associated with what? [cram.com]

[…] specific toxin. 4-7 Table: Toxins and Drugs Reported to Induce Seizures summarizes many toxins that cause seizures. 4 In addition to renal or hepatic failure, seizures and myoclonus [epilepsy.com]

Nocturnal Myoclonus Syndrome

NMS stands for "Nocturnal Myoclonus Syndrome" How to abbreviate Nocturnal Myoclonus Syndrome? [allacronyms.com]

and the numerous varieties of epileptic myoclonus. [pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Causes of Nocturnal Myoclonus Syndrome Nocturnal myoclonus syndrome is associated with different medical conditions and use of certain substances. [ic.steadyhealth.com]

Neuraminidase Deficiency

Reference work entry DOI: https://doi.org/ 10.1007/978-3-540-29676-8_1620 Synonyms Mucolipidosis I; Cherry-red spot-myoclonus syndrome Definition and Characteristics Sialidosis [link.springer.com]

Mental retardation, myoclonus, and cherry red spots are present. Hepatosplenomegaly is typically absent. [ismrd.org]

The condition is characterized by a cherry-red spot on the macula, progressive myoclonus, and seizures. There are two types. [medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com]

Neurologic Manifestation of Whipple Disease

Nystagmus present Oculopalatal myoclonus – oculopalatal myoclonus refers to a condition in which palatal myoclonus is associated with skeletal limb involvement and convergent-divergent [eyewiki.aao.org]

Segmental myoclonus in Whipple's disease Electromyogr Clin Neurophysiol 1995; 35: 113-6. ]. [benthamopen.com]

A specific clinical triad noted in CNS-WD includes dementia, vertical ophthalmoplegia, and myoclonus. [emedicine.medscape.com]

MERRF Syndrome

[…] progressive myoclonus epilepsy. [jkna.org]

Myoclonus epilepsy and ragged-red fibres (MERRF). 2. Electrophysiological studies and comparison with other progressive myoclonus epilepsies. [doi.org]

Keywords : MERRF; mitochondrial; epilepsy; myoclonus; myopathy. [scielo.br]

Creutzfeldt Jakob Disease

Myoclonus provoked by noise or other sensory stimuli (startle myoclonus) often develops in the middle to late stages of disease. [msdmanuals.com]

CASE PRESENTATION: We report a case of 59-year-old Asian woman with blurred vision, dysarthria, myoclonus, and rapidly progressive dementia. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

CJD symptoms include dementia, myoclonus, and other central nervous system deficits; death usually occurs between 4 months and 2 years after onset, depending on the CJD form [msdmanuals.com]

Developmental and Epileptic Encephalopathy Type 3

Subsequently, non-epileptic erratic myoclonus, various partial seizures and flexor spasms were observed. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

ACTH treatment was effective and the myoclonus frequency markedly decreased. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

massive myoclonus, focal seizures, late tonic spasms, and EEG signs such as suppression-burst pattern. [medlink.com]

Myoclonic Astatic Epilepsy

LEV efficacy against myoclonic seizures has led to its off label use in a variety of conditions associated with myoclonus including post-anoxic myoclonus [7] and childhood [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Children often display a non-convulsive status epilepticus (NCSE) with episodes of drowsiness, gait impairment and erratic myoclonus, which may last hours to days. [orpha.net]

We report a child who presented with reflex myoclonus at the age of 9 months and was initially diagnosed with myoclonic epilepsy in infancy. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Subacute Sclerosing Panencephalitis

We treated a 12-year-old boy with subacute sclerosing panencephalitis who presented with acute encephalopathy and myoclonus. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

[…] of the myoclonus. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Myoclonus present with some improvement, patient started on sodium valproate and clonazepam. [pubs.sciepub.com]

Infantile Neuronal Ceroid Lipofuscinosis

Gait was ataxic and there was action myoclonus predominantly involving the trunk and lower limbs. [annalsofian.org]

Clinical manifestations include seizures, progressive mental and motor deterioration, myoclonus, visual failure, dementia and premature death. [alliedacademies.org]

Myoclonus can also occur due to several diseases of the spine or the nerves. Occasionally, myoclonus can occur as a result of electrolyte or hormonal changes. [verywellhealth.com]

Neuronal Ceroid Lipofuscinosis Type 3

Rothdach-AJ; Dietl-T; Kumpfel-T; Gottschalk-M; Schumann-EM; Trenkwalder-C Familiar myoclonus-renal failure syndrome NERVENARZT-. [malattierare.regione.veneto.it]

Gait was ataxic and there was action myoclonus predominantly involving the trunk and lower limbs. [annalsofian.org]

Clinical manifestations include seizures, progressive mental and motor deterioration, myoclonus, visual failure, dementia and premature death. [alliedacademies.org]

Whipple Disease

In some cases, a complex cerebral manifestation (such as cognitive dysfunction, ophthalmoplegia and myoclonus) can be observed. [orpha.net]

[…] dell'apparato digerente Carica un file multimediale Wikipedia Istanza di malattia, malattia infettiva Sottoclasse di intestinal disease, malattia batterica, rare disease with myoclonus [commons.wikimedia.org]

Developmental and Epileptic Encephalopathy Type 6

CONCLUSIONS: The cortical myoclonus consistently observed in patients with DS shows features that are similar to those characterizing progressive myoclonus epilepsy, but differs [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

[…] incidental, and no clear evidence suggests that benign neonatal sleep myoclonus occurs in a continuum with other, more consequential forms of myoclonus. [emedicine.medscape.com]

[…] of myoclonus-associated cortical discharges. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Galactosialidosis

The myoclonus subsequently spreads to other body regions. [ri.conicet.gov.ar]

We saw a patient with galactosialidosis of the juvenile/adult form, a 51-year-old Japanese man with angiokeratomas on both elbows and knees, myoclonus, ataxia, mental retardation [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

The juvenile/adult form is characterized by myoclonus, ataxia, angiokeratoma, mental retardation, neurologic deterioration, absence of visceromegaly, and long survival. [uniprot.org]

Fatal Familial Insomnia

This patient also clinically had cognitive impairments such as memory disturbance, delirium, and hallucinations, along with insomnia, dysautonomia, and myoclonus. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Patient 1 was a 36-year-old man who presented with insomnia and myoclonus. In the subsequent 9 months, he developed ataxia and dementia, followed by death. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

A diagnosis of fatal familial insomnia (FFI) became evident over the next 6 months when he developed progressive insomnia, myoclonus, sympathetic hyperactivity, and dementia [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Mucolipidosis

Mucolipidosis and progressive myoclonus epilepsy: A distinctive phenotype. [neurologyindia.com]

Syndrome — Myoclonus-Cherry Red Spot Syndrome — Mucolipidosis Type I — Mucolipidosis I — Cherry Red Spot Myoclonus Syndrome — Myoclonus Cherry Red Spot Syndrome — Mucolipidosis [mesh.kib.ki.se]

Seizures, myoclonus and renal involvement have also been documented in type II cases. [genedx.com]

Restless Legs Syndrome

[…] sleep-related movement disorders: restless legs syndrome (RLS), periodic limb movement disorder, sleep-related leg cramps, bruxism, rhythmic movement disorder, and propriospinal myoclonus [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Staedt J, Stoppe G, Riemann H et al. (1996) Lamotrigine in the treatment of nocturnal myoclonus syndrome (NMS): two case reports. [doi.org]

They also are called (nocturnal) myoclonus, which describes frequent or involuntary muscle spasms. [healthcommunities.com]

West Nile Encephalitis

Opsoclonus-myoclonus-ataxia syndrome continued for 4 weeks after onset, when she died. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Opsoclonus-myoclonus syndrome remained disabling 3 months after onset but markedly improved 8 months after onset. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Parkinsonism, extrapyramidal manifestations, myoclonus, and muscle weakness mimicking lower motor neuron lesions, also form part of the clinical picture. [symptoma.com]

Epilepsy

We describe the clinical and EEG data of a patient with progressive myoclonus epilepsy (PME), CGL2, and progressive neurological impairment, carrying a homozygous BSCL2 nonsense [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

The patient was a 27-year-old man with progressive action myoclonus, ataxia, epilepsy, dysarthria and absence of cognitive deterioration. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Progressive myoclonus epilepsies (PMEs) comprise a group of rare genetic disorders characterized by action myoclonus, epileptic seizures, and ataxia with progressive neurologic [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Aromatic L-Amino Acid Decarboxylase Deficiency

Here we describe premature twins who presented with severe seizures, myoclonus, rotatory eye movements and sudden clonic contractions. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

The typical symptoms of the syndrome are: Muscular hypotonia of the trunk, Myoclonus, Miosis, Irritability, Limb dystonia, Limb hypertonia, Babinski sign, Choreoathetosis, [fdna.health]

Immunization E-2132 118 Paraneoplastic Neurologic Syndromes E-2142 119 ImmuneMediated Epilepsy Movement Disorders and Hashimotos Encephalopathy in Children E-2150 120 Opsoclonus Myoclonus [books.google.de]

Strychnine Poisoning

Severe neurological impairment manifesting with convulsions and myoclonus and respiratory insufficiency rapidly ensue, and the diagnosis is often made post-mortem, as poisoning [symptoma.com]

He developed myoclonus, startle response, and episodes of generalized muscle contractions accompanied by respiratory arrest in one occasion. [journalmc.org]