Presentation
One of the toddlers presented with severe eczema and malnutrition which improved with 6 food elimination. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]
Although the same allergen can be present in multiple ingredients, its “food source name” (for example, milk) must appear in the ingredient list just once to comply with labeling requirements. [fda.gov]
Entire Body System
- Fatigue
While not life-threatening, symptoms can be severe and range from gastrointestinal distress, headache and chronic fatigue. [enjoylifefoods.com]
Bronchitis Otitis Media Sinusitis Dermatologic Acne Canker Sores Eczema Itching Urticaria (Hives) Angioedema Dermatitis Musculoskeletal Joint Pain Low Back Pain Auto – Immune Rheumatoid Arthritis Systemic Lupus Multiple Sclerosis Neurological Headache Fatigue [foodallergy.com]
Symptoms include coughing, wheezing, shortness of breath or rapid breathing, chest tightness, and occasional fatigue and slight chest pain. [web.archive.org]
Food allergies are sometimes blamed for such disorders as hyperactivity in children, chronic fatigue, arthritis, and depression, as well as poor athletic performance. However, these associations have not been substantiated. [merckmanuals.com]
People infected with the seasonal flu virus feel miserable with fever, chills, muscle aches, coughing, congestion, headache and fatigue for a week or so. [niaid.nih.gov]
- Anemia
Infants may also develop green stools, diarrhea, vomiting, anemia (low blood count) and fussiness. When properly diagnosed, symptoms resolve once the offending food(s) are removed from the diet. Medical review December 2014. [kidswithfoodallergies.org]
[…] infants slowed growth and short stature weight loss irritability or change in mood delayed puberty dental enamel defects of permanent teeth Adults are less likely to have digestive signs and symptoms and may instead have one or more of the following: anemia [web.archive.org]
ALPS can also cause anemia (low level of red blood cells), thrombocytopenia (low level of platelets), and neutropenia (low level of neutrophils, the most common type of white blood cell in humans). [niaid.nih.gov]
The prevalence of nonclassic celiac disease is high in the Western world, with patients mainly presenting with unexplained iron-deficiency anemia. [worldgastroenterology.org]
- Pediatric Disease
Also, further larger studies are needed to address the efficacy of synbiotics for the prevention of this common pediatric disease. Corresponding Author: Maria T. [doi.org]
Respiratory Disease, 22, 1, (86), (2012). [dx.doi.org]
Respiratoric
- Sneezing
Symptoms include hand dermatitis, eczema and urticaria; sneezing and other respiratory distress; and lower respiratory problems including coughing, wheezing and shortness of breath. [web.archive.org]
Mild symptoms related to a food allergy may include: sneezing stuffy or runny nose itchy, watery eyes swelling rash stomach cramps diarrhea Symptoms of a severe allergic reaction (called anaphylaxis ) to food are: difficulty breathing, including wheezing [healthline.com]
Hives (reddish, swollen, itchy areas on the skin) Eczema flare (a persistent dry, itchy rash) Redness of the skin, particularly around the mouth or eyes Itchy mouth or ear canal Nausea or vomiting Diarrhea Stomach pain Nasal congestion or a runny nose Sneezing [foodallergy.org]
- Hoarseness
Signs of this reaction include: • Hoarseness, throat tightness or a lump in the throat • Wheezing, chest tightness or trouble breathing • Tingling in the hands, feet, lips or scalp If you experience any of these symptoms, call 911 immediately. [aaaai.org]
This triggers allergic symptoms that can include: wheezing trouble breathing coughing hoarseness throat tightness belly pain vomiting diarrhea itchy, watery, or swollen eyes hives red spots swelling a drop in blood pressure, causing lightheadedness or [kidshealth.org]
Common symptoms of anaphylaxis: Skin : itching, hives, redness, swelling Mouth : itching, swelling of lips and/or tongue Throat : itching, tightness/closure, hoarseness, difficulty swallowing Chest : shortness of breath, cough, wheeze, chest pain, tightness [allergyasthmanetwork.org]
Symptoms may include itching or swelling of lips or tongue; tightness of the throat with hoarseness; nausea and vomiting; diarrhea; occasionally chest tightness and wheezing; itching of the eyes; decreased blood pressure or loss of consciousness and anaphylaxis [web.archive.org]
- Nasal Pruritus
[…] injection, ocular pruritus, conjunctival edema, periocular swelling Nasal congestion, nasal pruritus, rhinorrhea, and sneezing Abdominal pain Feeling of impending doom Cardiovascular collapse Necessary elements of a thorough medical history include the [emedicine.medscape.com]
- Common Cold
Cold, Advances in Nutrition & Food Science, 10.33140/ANFS/02/01/00004, 2, 1, (2017). [doi.org]
Gastrointestinal
- Diarrhea
This condition can also cause diarrhea and failure to gain weight or height. Once the infant stops eating the food causing the allergy, the symptoms go away. [kidswithfoodallergies.org]
Two infants with AE, diarrhea, and low serum zinc levels were evaluated. Food allergy was found in both infants. The first infant had a serum IgE level of 4642 IU/mL. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]
At that time, when IgE antibodies react with the food, histamines are released, which can cause your child to experience hives, asthma, itching in the mouth, trouble breathing, stomach pains, vomiting, and/or diarrhea. [chw.org]
Food Protein-Induced Enterocolitis Syndrome (FPIES), sometimes referred to as a delayed food allergy, is a severe condition causing vomiting and diarrhea. [aaaai.org]
Babies may show symptoms like: Rash Throwing up Diarrhea Children 1 year old and older may have: Rash Wheezing (a whistling sound when breathing) Runny nose By about age 10, food allergies often go away (such as a milk allergy). [merckmanuals.com]
- Vomiting
Symptoms include vomiting, which starts about 2 hours or later after eating the food causing the condition. This condition can also cause diarrhea and failure to gain weight or height. [kidswithfoodallergies.org]
Herein, the authors report the case of a five-year-old Caucasian female who was admitted to our Pediatric Acute and Emergency Operative Unit for cyclic vomiting. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]
At that time, when IgE antibodies react with the food, histamines are released, which can cause your child to experience hives, asthma, itching in the mouth, trouble breathing, stomach pains, vomiting, and/or diarrhea. [chw.org]
Food Protein-Induced Enterocolitis Syndrome (FPIES), sometimes referred to as a delayed food allergy, is a severe condition causing vomiting and diarrhea. [aaaai.org]
Decreased body temperature and thrombocytosis emerge as additional features of the syndrome. food protein-induced enterocolitis syndrome vomiting diarrhea misdiagnosis Accepted December 2, 2008. [dx.doi.org]
- Food Intolerance
Adverse reactions to food include immune mediated food allergies and non-immune mediated food intolerances. Food allergies and intolerances are often confused by health professionals, patients and the public. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]
food intolerance and food allergy. [foodreactions.org]
intolerance is never life threatening, unlike an allergy Read more about food intolerance. [nhs.uk]
A food intolerance is a food sensitivity that does not involve the individual's immune system. [hc-sc.gc.ca]
Most are caused by a food intolerance rather than a true food allergy. Unlike a true food allergy, a food intolerance doesn't involve the immune system and may not be as severe. [web.archive.org]
- Nausea
Symptoms Include: - Anaphylaxis - Mouth itching - Hives - Swelling of the lips or mouth or other parts of the body - Immediate nausea, vomiting and/or delayed diarrhea - Asthma symptoms (wheezing, shortness of breath) In cases of anaphylaxis, 90% are [texanallergy.com]
These antibodies create the symptoms of a food allergy, such as rash or hives, nausea, stomach pain, diarrhea, itchy skin, shortness of breath, chest pain and anaphylaxis. [ift.org]
Some allergic reactions to food take hours to develop and cause symptoms such as abdominal pain, nausea, cramping, and diarrhea. [merckmanuals.com]
If you have a reaction to one of these foods you may experience hives, itchiness, swelling of the skin, nausea, vomiting and/or diarrhea. In severe cases, symptoms may also include difficulty breathing and anaphylactic shock. [oakbrookallergists.com]
[…] rash stomach cramps diarrhea Symptoms of a severe allergic reaction (called anaphylaxis ) to food are: difficulty breathing, including wheezing swelling of the lips, tongue, or throat hives (an itchy, blotchy, and raised rash) dizziness or faintness nausea [healthline.com]
- Lactose Intolerance
For example, intolerance to dairy products is one of the most common food intolerances. Known as lactose intolerance, it occurs in people who lack an enzyme called lactase, which is needed to digest lactose (a sugar in milk.) [hc-sc.gc.ca]
In some cases, as with lactose intolerance, the person lacks the chemicals to properly digest certain proteins found in food. [ift.org]
Lactose intolerance is an example of a food intolerance that is often confused with a food allergy. Lactose intolerance is when a person has trouble digesting milk sugar, called lactose, leading to stomachaches, bloating, and loose stools. [healthychildren.org]
The exceptions are the gluten intolerance syndrome, known as Coeliac disease, and lactose intolerance. [web.archive.org]
It’s not the same as lactose intolerance. Children with milk allergies are much more likely to develop allergic reactions to other foods, including eggs, soy, and peanuts. [healthline.com]
Skin
- Eczema
KEYWORDS: allergy; carotenemia; eczema; hepatomegaly [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]
- Urticaria
We report the case of a 28-year-old man who presented palatal itching and genaralized urticaria following ingestion of olive 3 years after being diagnosed with olive pollinosis. The patient did not have a history of food allergy or urticaria. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]
Urticaria (Outcome 3.3) Fed predominately human milk: no study reported urticaria. Fed predominately hydrolysed infant formula: no study reported urticaria. [doi.org]
- Skin Rash
Skin rashes, such as nettle rash (also called urticaria or hives) can appear which are generally short lived, disappearing within a few days. Longer lasting, chronic skin reactions (such as scaly patches) can also be experienced. [web.archive.org]
Among children, common reactions are stomach cramps, vomiting, skin rashes and diarrhea, Crim said. [cbsnews.com]
In adults and older children, food allergy symptoms may be more severe and can include: Itching in the mouth Hives (red, itchy, slightly raised patches on the skin) Eczema (red, scaly, dry, patchy skin rash, usually where the arms and legs bend) Stomach [merckmanuals.com]
Some of the symptoms can include: Skin rash, itching, hives Swelling of the lips, tongue or throat Shortness of breath, trouble breathing, wheezing Stomach pain, vomiting, diarrhea Feeling like something awful is about to happen Sometimes allergy symptoms [kidswithfoodallergies.org]
- Flushing
Symptoms include a sense of impending doom; generalized warmth or flush; tingling of palms, soles of feet or lips; light-headedness; bloating and chest tightness. These can progress into seizures, cardiac arrhythmia, shock and respiratory distress. [web.archive.org]
Allergic reactions can include: Hives Flushed skin or rash Tingling or itchy sensation in the mouth Face, tongue, or lip swelling Vomiting and/or diarrhea Abdominal cramps Coughing or wheezing Dizziness and/or lightheadedness Swelling of the throat and [fda.gov]
The symptoms of food intolerance can include burping, indigestion, gas, loose stools, headaches, nervousness, or a feeling of being "flushed." [kidshealth.org]
A rash and/or itching of the skin - the rash may be raised, blotchy and red or the skin may be flushed. Wheezing or feeling breathless. Feeling sick or being sick (vomiting). Tummy pain. Diarrhoea. Sneezing or a runny nose. [patient.info]
- Chronic Urticaria
Pacor ML, Di Lorenzo G, Corrocher R (2001) Efficacy of leukotriene receptor antagonist in chronic urticaria. [dx.doi.org]
Anti-IgE monoclonal antibodies therapy is licensed for use in asthma and for chronic urticaria in many countries, and studies are under way to determine if it has a role in the management of serious food allergies. [worldallergy.org]
Symptoms range from acute urticaria (most common) to flushing to angioedema to exacerbations of atopic dermatitis. Food allergy is rarely the cause of chronic urticaria or angioedema. [emedicine.medscape.com]
Face, Head & Neck
- Facial Edema
An otherwise healthy 8-year-old boy had nose and eye discharge followed by facial edema and difficulty breathing 30 minutes after eating an industrially prepared waffle containing eggs, sugar, and lupine flour. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]
Neurologic
- Headache
Her vomiting, which was preceded by objective torque vertigo, headache and weakness, had been recurring with constant frequency every two months since she was 3 years old. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]
While not life-threatening, symptoms can be severe and range from gastrointestinal distress, headache and chronic fatigue. [enjoylifefoods.com]
Asthma Bronchitis Otitis Media Sinusitis Dermatologic Acne Canker Sores Eczema Itching Urticaria (Hives) Angioedema Dermatitis Musculoskeletal Joint Pain Low Back Pain Auto – Immune Rheumatoid Arthritis Systemic Lupus Multiple Sclerosis Neurological Headache [foodallergy.com]
View Article PubMed Google Scholar Rhee H: Prevalence and predictors of headaches in US adolescents. Headache. 2000, 40 (7): 528-538. 10.1046/j.1526-4610.2000.00084.x. [dx.doi.org]
[…] itching, tightness/closure, hoarseness, difficulty swallowing Chest : shortness of breath, cough, wheeze, chest pain, tightness Stomach : vomiting, diarrhea, cramps Heart : weak pulse, dizziness, fainting, cardiac arrest Other : feeling of impending doom, headache [allergyasthmanetwork.org]
- Hyperactivity
Food allergies are sometimes blamed for such disorders as hyperactivity in children, chronic fatigue, arthritis, and depression, as well as poor athletic performance. However, these associations have not been substantiated. [merckmanuals.com]
Additionally, we consider research and education strategies, with the goal to better elucidate pediatric overdiagnosis and mitigate its influence. medical education public health Abbreviation: ADHD — attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder Overdiagnosis [doi.org]
- Cognitive Disorder
Food sensitivities and allergies are correlated with an increased chance for developing: chronic pain arthritis asthma nutrient deficiencies mood disorders skin conditions autoimmune disorders cognitive disorders learning disabilities insomnia weight [draxe.com]
Workup
BAT and CAST are helpful tools in the diagnostic workup for exotic food allergy. Mugwort is suggested as the allergen responsible for,the cross-reactivity presented by this patient, as he had no sensitization to latex or profilin. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]
Measuring IgE antibodies is useful in the diagnostic workup of allergy and asthma. [oadoi.org]
Serum
- Hypoalbuminemia
Features of FPE are nonbloody diarrhea, malabsorption, protein-losing enteropathy, hypoalbuminemia, and failure to thrive. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]
Treatment
The current standard of treatment is strict avoidance of the offending food(s). There are no FDA approved treatments for food allergy. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]
EAACI will publish the Minimum Standards for the treatment of the allergic child in school to guide policy-makers in the implementation of such a policy change. [web.archive.org]
Prognosis
Non-IgE-GI-FAs have a favorable prognosis; the majority resolve by 1 year in patients with FPIAP, 1 to 3 years in patients with FPE, and 1 to 5 years in patients with FPIES, with significant differences regarding specific foods. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]
Prognosis was good, with high rates of resolution for the 2 most common food triggers (ie, rice and soy) by 3 years of age. Conclusions. [dx.doi.org]
Etiology
The etiology of this phenomenon is at present unclear, but has been ascribed by some to tacrolimus treatment. Here we report a case of liver transplant acquired food allergy (LTAFA) in a child who received a split liver graft. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]
First, it needs to be acknowledged that a more profound understanding of the complex nature of allergic disorders is needed, as it is likely that there are distinct etiologic factors and pathogenetic mechanisms underlying the heterogeneous manifestations [dx.doi.org]
Temporal trends in the relative prevalence of dysphagia etiologies from 1999-2009. World J Gastroenterol 2012;18:4335–4341. 8. Shek LP, Lee BW. Food allergy in Asia. Curr Opin Allergy Clin Immunol 2006;6:197–201. 9. [apallergy.org]
Epidemiology
Understanding the epidemiology of food allergy is complicated by the difficulty of identifying it on a large scale. The prevalence of food allergy is higher in younger age groups and decreases with age. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]
Lowe, Allergy and Lung Health Unit, Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia. [doi.org]
Pathophysiology
The development and investigation of biologics for the treatment of IgE-mediated food allergy and eosinophilic esophagitis have provided further insight into the pathophysiology and management of these disorders. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]
We are gaining an increasing understanding of the pathophysiology of food allergic disorders and are beginning to comprehend how these result from a failure to establish or maintain normal oral tolerance. [dx.doi.org]
Prevention
Only 6.6% stated they follow all current recommendations on food allergy prevention. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]
The NIAID-sponsored addendum guidelines for the prevention of peanut allergy have led to a paradigm shift in food allergy prevention. [doi.org]