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2.1
Intramuscular Injection
Injection Intramuscular

Images

WIKIDATA, Public Domain
WIKIDATA, CC BY 2.0
WIKIDATA, CC BY 4.0
WIKIDATA, CC BY 4.0

Presentation

MATERIALS AND METHODS: This was an observational study in which records of febrile pediatric patients presenting to the emergency department were analyzed. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

The present study was conducted during anatomy practice for medical students in 2018. [tandfonline.com]

Entire Body System

  • Fever

    Sepsis symptoms include general malaise, fever, chills, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, tachypnea, and confusion. Sometimes the body will get small haematomas. [dopinglinkki.fi]

    Fever alleviation was defined as the temperature decline to 1°C below the temperature at presentation. Patients who received diclofenac sodium twice or more on different days were observed for side effects such as allergic reaction. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

    Sometimes a baby or child will be fussy or have a fever after an immunization. Tylenol® (acetaminophen) may make him feel better. Call your doctor if the child does not get better. [hog.org]

    Needle that breaks off in the injection site Medicine injected into the wrong area Problems that keep you from giving yourself the injection Bleeding or pain at the injection site that won't stop Rash or swelling at the injection site Shortness of breath Fever [saintlukeskc.org]

  • Sepsis

    These data can be divided into 3 groups; nerve palsies, musculoskeletal injuries and cutaneous reactions and reflect inappropriate site of injection, needle over or under penetration, local sepsis and vascular complications. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

    […] infections, and can rarely progress to generalized sepsis and multi-organ failure [ 4 ]. [casesjournal.biomedcentral.com]

    Sepsis always requires hospitalization. [3, 5] In addition to sepsis, the spread of bacteria, if left untreated, may result in a rare but life-threatening soft tissue inflammation which is necrotizing i.e. leads to necrosis. [dopinglinkki.fi]

  • Malaise

    Sepsis symptoms include general malaise, fever, chills, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, tachypnea, and confusion. Sometimes the body will get small haematomas. [dopinglinkki.fi]

    Influenza illness typically resolves after 3--7 days for the majority of persons, although cough and malaise can persist for >2 weeks. [cdc.gov]

  • Infertility

    IVF Success Rates IVF Pricing Plans Embryo Grading Egg Donation Causes of Infertility Infertility Testing Infertility Treatment About Us Meet the Doctors See a sample calendar for IVF showing days the medications are given, etc. [advancedfertility.com]

    Procedures used to prepare and administer intramuscular injections: A study of infertility nurses. JOGNN, 29: 159-168. Floyd, S., Meyer, A. (2007). Intramuscular injections - what’s best practice. Nursing New Zealand, 13(6): 20-22. Greenblatt, D. [arastirmax.com]

    Procedures used to prepare and administer intramuscular injections: a study of infertility nurses. J Obstet Gynecol Neonatal Nurs. 2000;29(2):159–168. 15. Greenway K, Merriman C, Statham D. using the ventrogluteal site for intramuscular injections. [dovepress.com]

  • Intravenous Drugs

    Types of Injections[edit] Intravenous injection[edit] Intravenous injections (IV injections) involve needle insertion directly into the vein and the substance is directly delivered into the bloodstream.[4] In medicine and drug use, this route of administration [en.wikipedia.org]

    Pharmacokinetics of zanamivir after intravenous, oral, inhaled or intranasal administration to healthy volunteers. Clin Pharmacokinet 1999;36(Suppl 1):1--11. Bardsley-Elliot A, Noble S. Oseltamivir. Drugs 1999;58:851--60; discussion: 861--2. [cdc.gov]

Respiratoric

  • Respiratory Distress

    Persons who have had hives or swelling of the lips or tongue, or who have experienced acute respiratory distress or collapse after eating eggs should consult a physician for appropriate evaluation to help determine if vaccine should be administered. [cdc.gov]

Skin

  • Flushing

    In a study of 100 samples, the BD blunt fill needle was shown to have no visible coring during medication draw. 2 Pre-filled flush syringes BD pre-filled flush syringes provide dependable, cost-effective alternatives to vial-based flushing systems. [bd.com]

    Nausea, vomiting, dry mouth, constipation, flushing, increased sweating, lightheadedness, swelling/pain/ itching at injection site, dizziness, or drowsiness may occur. [webmd.com]

    However, you should not flush this medication down the toilet. Instead, the best way to dispose of your medication is through a medicine take-back program. [medlineplus.gov]

    These signs and symptoms can include, but are not limited to: flushing, facial edema, urticaria, itching, swelling of the mouth or throat, wheezing, and difficulty breathing. [cdc.gov]

  • Eruptions

    Pruritic urticarial papules and plaques of pregnancy (PUPPP), also known as polymorphic eruption of pregnancy, is a common and benign but exceedingly uncomfortable dermatosis of pregnancy. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

  • Papule

    Pruritic urticarial papules and plaques of pregnancy (PUPPP), also known as polymorphic eruption of pregnancy, is a common and benign but exceedingly uncomfortable dermatosis of pregnancy. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Musculoskeletal

  • Myopathy

    We report a patient in whom chronic intramuscular piritramide led to a focal fibrotic myopathy. Since piritramide myotoxicity has never been reported, we have studied its effect on rat skeletal muscle. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Psychiatrical

  • Withdrawn

    The needle is withdrawn at the same angle inserted. [en.wikipedia.org]

    If the injection of blood is observed in the syringe, it should be withdrawn and reintroduced a little more to the side, since the presence of blood indicates that a blood vessel was touched and that the injection will not be made in the muscle. [cilveducult.blogspot.com]

    […] prevent leakage of the medication.[15] The Z-track method of injection is another way to reduce leakage of medication while decreasing skin lesions at the injection site; the nurse displaces the tissue before inserting the needle, then once the needle is withdrawn [legalnursepdx.com]

    The needle then is withdrawn and the skin released. This creates a "Z" pattern that blocks infiltration of the drug into the subcutaneous tissue. These injections are generally 2-3 inches deep. [pharmlabs.unc.edu]

    Note the viscosity of the medication being withdrawn from the vial. This will help determine the needle size needed for the patient's IM injection. [jove.com]

Neurologic

  • Dizziness

    Nausea, vomiting, dry mouth, constipation, flushing, increased sweating, lightheadedness, swelling/pain/ itching at injection site, dizziness, or drowsiness may occur. [webmd.com]

    SIDE EFFECTS: Dizziness, drowsiness, difficulty urinating, trouble sleeping, headache, anxiety, and pain at the injection site may occur. [medicinenet.com]

    […] after you inject epinephrine, tell your doctor if you are experiencing any of these side effects: skin redness, swelling, warmth, or tenderness at the site of injection difficulty breathing pounding, fast, or irregular heartbeat nausea vomiting sweating dizziness [medlineplus.gov]

    Clinicians should: (1) make sure the person who is being vaccinated is always seated or lying down; (2) be aware of symptoms that precede fainting (e.g. weakness, dizziness, pallor); and (3) provide supportive care and take appropriate measures to prevent [cdc.gov]

  • Agitation

    Agitate the vial to mix the vaccine thoroughly and obtain a uniform suspension prior to withdrawing each dose. [cdc.gov]

Workup

A careful diagnostic workup identified misguided subcutaneous injections due to a wrong injection angle as the most plausible cause. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Diagnostic workup included a CT-scan of the abdomen, which revealed fluid collection along the soft tissues on both thighs, extending into the abdominal cavity. [casesjournal.biomedcentral.com]

Treatment

Investigation of new treatment options has been limited by patient concerns about the negative fetal effects of medication. To assess the efficacy of intramuscular injection of autologous whole blood (AWB) for treatment of PUPPP. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

If you're using assisted fertility treatments as you are trying to conceive, you may have to regularly inject yourself with hormone treatments. [verywellhealth.com]

Prognosis

This content is for informational purposes only and does not substitute for formal and individualized diagnosis, prognosis, treatment, prescription, and/or dietary advice from a licensed medical professional. [healdove.com]

From this review, it is evident that a prompt treatment represents an essential condition to improve the overall prognosis and mortality. [hindawi.com]

Etiology

In this paper, we discuss etiologies, risk factors, and treatment options for gluteal Nicolau syndrome referring to patients treated in our hospital. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

The common etiologies of NSTIs are insect bites, chronic wounds, trauma, or idiopathic origin. Otherwise, possible and infrequent sources are iatrogenic, for example, injections or surgical wounds. [hindawi.com]

[…] through MEDLINE (1966–1999), Serline (unlimited), and Science Citation Index of the Web of Science (1983–1999) for the following terms: “pneumococcal soft tissue infection”; “pneumococcal necrotizing fasciitis”; “soft tissue infection/microbiology” and “etiology [academic.oup.com]

Epidemiology

Funding and Disclosures * From the Laboratory on Housing and Illness, Armed Forces Epidemiological Board, and the Department of Medicine, State University of New York Upstate Medical Center. [nejm.org]

The epidemiologic investigation of any IM injection site infection can be quite complex. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Cases of GBS after influenza infection have been reported, but no epidemiologic studies have documented such an association ( 209,210 ). [cdc.gov]

Pathophysiology

Considering the aforementioned pathophysiological impact of NSAIDs, treatment with NSAIDs may well have been an accelerating factor in the evolution of NF. [academic.oup.com]

More definitive data probably will require using other methodologies (e.g., laboratory studies of the pathophysiology of GBS). [cdc.gov]

Prevention

Royal College of Nursing (2018) Tools of the Trade: Guidance for Health Care Staff on Glove Use and the Prevention of Contact Dermatitis. Small SP (2004) Preventing sciatic nerve injury from intramuscular injections: literature review. [nursingtimes.net]

& control* Pain Measurement Palivizumab Parents/psychology Pilot Projects Respiratory Syncytial Virus Infections/prevention & control Statistics, Nonparametric Tetracaine/therapeutic use* Treatment Outcome Videotape Recording Substances Anesthetics, [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

This prevents needle from touching side of the cap and prevents contamination. Pull cap off needle 18. With non-dominant hand, hold the skin around the injection site. This secures the area for injection. 19. [opentextbc.ca]

Prostaglandins for preventing postpartum haemorrhage. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2007;3(CD000494):i–280. 32. FIGO. Prevention of Post-partum Haemorrhage with Misoprostol: FIGO Guideline, Annotated Version. [bmcpregnancychildbirth.biomedcentral.com]

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