We report a 35 year-old female previously subjected to a thyroidectomy for a thyroid cancer, that five days after operation, presented with a severe community-acquired pneumonia caused by Streptococcus pyogenes (Lancefield Group A Streptococcus) that [unboundmedicine.com]

In the present series, half of the patients (n = 20) were older than 60 years. [journals.plos.org]

• Splenomegaly

  Table 1 Cases of S. pyogenes endocarditis from 1940 to present for which clinical features are available 1 [ 12 ] 1942 2y, M None None Mitral • Splenomegaly Brain, Peripheral, Renal, Spleen No Death • Bronchopneumonia • Painful swollen joints 2 [ 3 ] [bmcpediatr.biomedcentral.com]

• Fever

  Pyogenes (Virulence Factors) 1) Streptolysin O 2) Streptokinase 3) DNase 4) M protein (Rheumatic fever) 1) Strawberry tongue 2) Pharyngitis 3) Rash that doesn't affect the face Rheumatic fever (Symptoms) Jnes 1) Polyarthritis 2) Heart problems 3) Subcutaneous [quizlet.com]

  Learn about this topic in these articles: cause of diseases In Streptococcus Streptococcus pyogenes, often referred to as group A streptococcus bacteria, can cause rheumatic fever, impetigo, scarlet fever, puerperal fever, streptococcal toxic shock syndrome [britannica.com]

  Rheumatic fever Post streptococcal glomerulonephritis (PSGN) Scarlet fever Erysipelas [microbeonline.com]

  Scarlet fever When a fine, diffuse, erythematous rash is present in the setting of acute streptococcal pharyngitis, the illness is called scarlet fever. The rash of scarlet fever is caused by the pyrogenic exotoxins (ie, SPE A, B, C, and F). [emedicine.medscape.com]

  Scarlet fever (Scarlatina) Scarlet fever is a streptococcal infection that occurs most often in association with a sore throat and rarely with impetigo or other streptococcal infections. [encyclopedia.kids.net.au]

• Chills

  […] by, Last updated May 7, 2012 aka Pulmonary Puzzle 004 Consider a 56 year old male with no past medical history presenting with 10 days of fevers, chills, myalgias and cough followed by worsening breathlessness over the past 4 days. [lifeinthefastlane.com]

  See your doctor promptly if you Have a high fever Have shaking chills Have a cough with phlegm that doesn't improve or gets worse Develop shortness of breath with normal daily activities Have chest pain when you breathe or cough Feel suddenly worse after [icdlist.com]

  If the infection gets into the blood, symptoms will include fever, chills and low blood pressure. In the past, it was less important to determine the underlying source of infection. [mrsaidblog.com]

  Patients experience fever and chills. Lymph nodes may be swollen. The skin may blister and then scab over. Perianal cellulitis may also occur with itching and painful bowel movements. [encyclopedia.kids.net.au]

  Pneumococcal pneumonia causes fever and chills, coughs, difficulty breathing, and chest pain. [news-medical.net]

• High Fever

  See your doctor promptly if you Have a high fever Have shaking chills Have a cough with phlegm that doesn't improve or gets worse Develop shortness of breath with normal daily activities Have chest pain when you breathe or cough Feel suddenly worse after [icdlist.com]

  Like necrotizing fasciitis and toxic shock syndrome, bacterial pneumonia progresses vary rapidly with a sudden onset of high fever. [bacmap.wishartlab.com]

  Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) and the influenza virus are the first and second most common causes of viral pneumonia. 1, 2 Pneumonia can be difficult to diagnose because the typical symptoms – shortness of breath, weakness, high fever, coughing, and [biomerieux-diagnostics.com]

  After incubation the infected individual will begin to acquire symptoms such as a high fever, chills, cough, sore throat, chest pains, body aches, fatigue, rapid breathing, and maybe even nausea/vomiting. (10 and 11). [austincc.edu]

• Malaise

  Constitutional symptoms, which usually are present, include headache exacerbated by a cough, malaise, myalgias, and sore throat. The cough is usually dry, paroxysmal, and worse at night. [aafp.org]

  Snapshot A 56-year-old man presents to the emergency department for a severe headache, generalized malaise, and fatigue. Her symptoms are associated with neck stiffness and nausea. [medbullets.com]

  Symptoms include general feeling of discomfort or malaise, fever, headache with the physical manifestations of redness, edema and lymph node enlargement in the throat. [legacy.earlham.edu]

  • Symptoms include fever, malaise, edema, hypertension and blood or protein in urine• Occurs in 0.5% of those having strep throat. 47. Dr.T.V.Rao MD 47 Glomerulonephritis. [slideshare.net]

  It can cause streptococcal sore throat which is characterized by fever, enlarged tonsils, tonsillar exudate, sensitive cervical lymph nodes and malaise ( 6, 9 ). If untreated, strep throat can last 7-10 days ( 9 ). [canada.ca]

• Noncompliance

  A barrier to effective treatment is patient noncompliance. Due to the long duration of treatment, patients will often forget to take their antibiotics periodically or stop taking them altogether. [courses.lumenlearning.com]

  Noncompliance is thought to play a major role with oral treatments but does not account for all failures, however, it is unlikely that bacteriologic failures in the treatment of GAS are due solely to β-lactamase-flora colonizing a patient's pharynx [antimicrobe.org]

• Cough

  Clinical features Fever  Cough  Breathlessness  Infiltrations on chest x-ray 25. Management  Broad spectrum antibiotic (eg 3rd gen cephalosporin or quinolone plus antistaphylococcal antibiotic or antipseudomonal penicillin) 26. [de.slideshare.net]

  Constitutional symptoms, which usually are present, include headache exacerbated by a cough, malaise, myalgias, and sore throat. The cough is usually dry, paroxysmal, and worse at night. [aafp.org]

  You can get CAP by breathing in respiratory droplets from coughs or sneezes, or by skin-to-skin contact. [healthline.com]

  Whooping Cough Pertussis, more commonly known as whooping cough, is a bacterial infection of the upper respiratory system. [courses.lumenlearning.com]

• Sneezing

  It is transmitted through coughs and sneezes. Minor infections can be treated relatively easily with antibiotics and include: sinusitis ( inflammation of the sinuses) middle ear infections. [yourgenome.org]

  Cover your mouth whenever you cough or sneeze using a tissue or napkin. Cough or sneeze into your sleeve or your elbow if you don’t have anything else handy. If possible, consider wearing a flu mask. [plushcare.com]

  You can get CAP by breathing in respiratory droplets from coughs or sneezes, or by skin-to-skin contact. [healthline.com]

  But when it is left untreated, it can cause complications such as: Rheumatic fever, a disease that can damage the joints and heart Kidney problems How It Spreads Strep throat makes the rounds when someone who has the infection coughs or sneezes. [webmd.com]

  The bacterium is passed from person to person by touching, and by the person coughing and sneezing. Because about one in four people have this bacterium in their noses or throats, everyone is frequently exposed to this bacterium. [eportal.mountsinai.ca]

• Rales

  […] knees while the patient is supine Kernig sign extension of the knee while the hips are flexed at 90° causes pain/discomfort otitis media fever irritability ear-tugging/rubbing pneumonia decreased breath sounds increased fremitus dullness to percussion rales [medbullets.com]

  Auscultation detected rales bilaterally and bilateral infiltrates were found on a chest x-ray. Her laboratory findings showed a leukocyte count of 14 ×10 -9 /l and a CRP of 195 mg/l initially (Table 1 ). [bmcinfectdis.biomedcentral.com]

  Chest auscultation revealed bibasilar inspiratory rales. Abdominal examination showed the PEGtube in left upper quadrant without erythema, drainage or tenderness. Remainder of abdominal examination was normal. [remedypublications.com]

• Tachypnea

  Management Oxygen Administered to patients with tachypnea, hypoxemia, hypotension or acidosis. Maintain PaO2 >8kPa or SaO2 >92%. [de.slideshare.net]

  Clinical presentation Children with complicated pneumonia will present with many of the symptoms and signs of uncomplicated pneumonia including tachypnea, fever, cough and respiratory distress. [cps.ca]

  However, fever and tachypnea persisted. [hindawi.com]

  […] than 10 mm on a lateral decubitus radiograph. 30 CHILDREN An evidence-based guideline on the management of CAP in children, developed by a children's hospital, is available online. 31 Pneumonia should be suspected in a child who presents with fever and tachypnea [aafp.org]

• Productive Cough

  Review Topic QID: 106701 M1 Select Answer to see Preferred Response PREFERRED RESPONSE 4 (M1.MC.75) A 60-year-old man presents with fever and cough productive of rust-colored sputum and is diagnosed with community acquired pneumonia. [medbullets.com]

  Clinical features        Productive cough Pleural pain Sudden expectoration of copious sputum High pyrexia Profound systemic upset Pleural rub Signs of consolidation On chest x-ray homogenous lobar or segmental opacity consistent with consolidation [de.slideshare.net]

  […] breath, weight loss, chest pain Minimally productive cough, vague substernal chest pain or tightness Blood culture, PCR, serology Doxycycline, tetracycline 5 to 7 days Tetracycline or doxycycline for five days starting on day 8 to 12 Brucellosis Brucella [aafp.org]

  Patient 1 was a 64-year-old man from Nova Scotia who presented in the late winter of 2000 with a two-day history of productive cough, fatigue, dyspnea, and fever (temperature, 38.4°C). He had no history of treatment with fluoroquinolones. [nejm.org]

• Heart Disease

  New topics in this edition include coronary artery CT, myocardial disease, pericardial disease, and CT of ischemic heart disease. This edition has a new full-color design and many full-color images, including PET-CT. [books.google.de]

  People who have no spleen or are chronically ill with lung disease, heart disease, diabetes, cirrhosis, kidney failure, AIDS/HIV and other diseases that decrease ability to fight infections are at an increased risk of illness due to Streptococcus pneumoniae [eportal.mountsinai.ca]

  The most serious complication is carditis, or heart inflammation (rheumatic heart disease), as this may lead to chronic heart disease and disability or death years after an attack. [encyclopedia.kids.net.au]

  It is capable of inducing scarlet fever, post-infectious glomerulonephritis (kidney disease) and rheumatic fever (heart disease). [dermnetnz.org]

• Ulcer

  Tropical ulcers Blistering distal dactylitis Streptococcal perianal and/or vulval dermatitis. [dermnetnz.org]

  Necrotizing ulcerative gingivitis (NUG: trench mouth)- the dental biofilm/plague usually contains a lot of Fusobacterium spp ., Prevotella intermedia, and especially spirochetes ( Treponema denticola ). [atsu.edu]

  Uses : -Triple therapy: In combination with amoxicillin and (lansoprazole or omeprazole), for the treatment of patients with H pylori infection and duodenal ulcer disease (active or 5-year history of duodenal ulcer) to eradicate H pylori -Dual therapy [drugs.com]

  ZYVOX has not been studied in the treatment of decubitus (pressure) ulcers. Vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus faecium infections, including cases with concurrent bacteremia (blood stream infections at the same time). [zyvoxsavings.com]

  (decubitus ulcers and ulcers associated with diabetes). [bio.libretexts.org]

• Urticaria

  Skin manifestations include erythema multiforme, erythema nodosum, maculopapular and vesicular eruptions, and urticaria. [aafp.org]

• Irritability

  Other cases are caused by repetitive exposures to irritants including smoke. This may develop chronic bronchitis. Using antibiotic is not effective because it cannot eradicate irritants or viral illnesses. [natural-holistic-health.com]

  In addition to medication, individuals should rest from work and school, drink plenty of water and avoid chemicals and environments that may further irritate the throat. [livescience.com]

  […] pleuritic chest pain Physical exam meningitis nuchal rigidity Bruzinski sign neck flexion leads to flexing of the knees while the patient is supine Kernig sign extension of the knee while the hips are flexed at 90° causes pain/discomfort otitis media fever irritability [medbullets.com]

  Probiotics have been evaluated in research studies in animals and humans with respect to antibiotic-associated diarrhoea, travellers' diarrhoea, pediatric diarrhoea, inflammatory bowel disease, and irritable bowel syndrome. [en.wikipedia.org]

  […] a range of microorganisms, as well as be a manifestation of some non-infectious diseases0Pneumococcal meningitis 0 Invasive pneumococcal disease 0 Generally, pneumococci invade the CNS from the blood stream0Signs and symptoms1 0 Early stages: fever, irritability [slideshare.net]

• Atelectasis

  Atelectasis Acute atelectasis is defined as collapse of part or all of one lung. It was historically considered to be due to alveolar deflation but evidence is now emerging that it is due to accumulation of alveolar fluid [ 74 ]. [breathe.ersjournals.com]

  Pyopneumothorax Abscess formation Bronchopleural fistula In children Rapidly developing lobar/multilobar consolidation Pleural effusion (90%) Pneumatocoele In adults Patchy bronchopneumonia of segmental distribution, frequency bilateral May be associated with atelectasis [learningradiology.com]

  Children treated as outpatients should have a follow-up examination within 24 to 72 hours. 31 View/Print Table TABLE 3 Conditions that May Mimic Community-Acquired Pneumonia Acute respiratory distress syndrome Atelectasis Bronchiolitis obliterans with [aafp.org]

  CT of Chest showed large right‐sided pleural effusion with atelectasis of the right lower lobe and a small amount of left‐sided pleural fluid with left lower lung infiltrate. [remedypublications.com]

• Pulmonary Infiltrate

  infiltrates • Elevated LFTs e • Aortic insufficiency • Left ventricular dilatation leading to CHF c Out of 15 cases of S. pyogenes endocarditis with clinical information available (including those presented above), 10 were male (67%) and 5 were female [bmcpediatr.biomedcentral.com]

• Gram-Positive Bacteria

  Crystal violet - stains both gram negative and positive bacteria Gram's iodine - fixes the stain in gram positive bacteria Ethanol or acetone - washes the stain from gram negative bacteria Safranin - counterstain, will restain gram negative bacteria while [legacy.earlham.edu]

  Bacilli are almost exclusively gram-positive bacteria. [1] Ambiguity [ edit ] Several related concepts make use of similar words, and the ambiguity can create considerable confusion. [en.wikipedia.org]

  Both are: spherical, facultatively anaerobic gram-positive bacteria common members of the normal human microbiota capable of resisting many forms of important antibiotics some species are capable of being pathogenic, responsible for serious infections [mrsaidblog.com]

  Location: Lecture Hall 4Z, Alfred Nobels Allé 8, Karolinska University Hospital, Huddinge Abstract Streptococcus pyogenes and Staphylococcus aureus are Gram-positive bacteria that share many features, including clinical presentations and pathogenic mechanisms [openarchive.ki.se]

  Streptococcus pneumoniae, or pneumococcus, is a gram-positive bacteria responsible for many types of pneumococcal infections. [news-medical.net]

• Gram-Positive Coccus

  Microbiological characteristics Streptococcus pneumoniae is a gram-positive coccus. Usually they are found in pairs of cocci, or diplococci, but they may also occur in short chains or singly. [web.uconn.edu]

  [tags: DNA, Genetics, Gene, Molecular biology] Strong Essays 1231 words (3.5 pages) Acute Morphology of Streptococcus pyogenes Essay - Acute Morphology of Streptococcus pyogenes Abstract: Streptococcus pyogenes is a gram positive coccus bacterium that [123helpme.com]

  The Pneumococcus (Streptococcus pneumoniae) DISCUSSION Streptococcus pneumoniae, or the pneumococcus, is a lancet-shaped (pointed like a lance) Gram-positive coccus 0.6-1.2 µm in diameter. [bio.libretexts.org]

  The human pathogen Streptococcus pneumoniae is a Gram-positive coccus with a characteristic oval shape resembling an American football. [pnas.org]

  G ENERAL DESCRIPTION M icrobiology Streptococcus pyogenes, or Group A streptococcus (GAS), is a facultative, Gram-positive coccus which grows in chains and causes numerous infections in humans including pharyngitis, tonsillitis, scarlet fever, cellulitis [antimicrobe.org]

• Pleural Rub

  Clinical features        Productive cough Pleural pain Sudden expectoration of copious sputum High pyrexia Profound systemic upset Pleural rub Signs of consolidation On chest x-ray homogenous lobar or segmental opacity consistent with consolidation [de.slideshare.net]

Treatment of choice of Group A streptococcal infection is penicillin. However, clindamycin should be added in severe infections. [unboundmedicine.com]

[…] agents for the treatment of pertussis. [drugs.com]

Treatment: Other than the occurrence of the rash, the treatment and course of scarlet fever are no different from those of any strep throat. [encyclopedia.kids.net.au]

Treatment Antibiotics are the first line of treatment for bacterial infections, and are effective against pneumococcus. However, treatment of pneumococcal infections is dependent on the strain that a patient is infected with. [news-medical.net]

We describe four patients with pneumococcal pneumonia in whom empirical treatment with oral levofloxacin failed. [nejm.org]

The respiratory and renal prognosis was favourable in all cases. [dialnet.unirioja.es]

What is the prognosis? In a series of 2079 cases. of invasive group A Strep infection, the case fatality rate was 38% for pneumonia, compared with 26% for patients with necrotizing fasciitis. [lifeinthefastlane.com]

Elucidation of these host and bacterial factors involved in the pathogenesis of these rare but life-threatening infections may be useful for improving disease prognosis (6). [wwwnc.cdc.gov]

Since 2000, only 1 large series has been published describing the clinical presentation, prognosis and characteristics of the isolates [7]. [journals.plos.org]

Since 2000, only 1 large series has been published describing the clinical presentation, prognosis and characteristics of the isolates [ 7 ]. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

For 16 (47%) of 34 patients, the etiology was identified from the lung aspirate only. [academic.oup.com]

Etiology of community‐ acquired pneumonia in patients requiring hospitalization. Eur J Clin Microbiol. 1985;4(3):268-72. Dorff GJ, Rytel MW, Farmer SG, Scanlon G. Etiologies and characteristic features of pneumonias in a municipal hospital. [remedypublications.com]

Publication Invasive pneumococcal disease - Annual Epidemiological Report for 2017 Peer-Reviewed Publication Attributable deaths and disability-adjusted life-years caused by infections with antibiotic-resistant bacteria in the EU and the European Economic [ecdc.europa.eu]

Europe's journal on infectious disease surveillance, epidemiology, prevention and control Home Eurosurveillance Volume 16, Issue 5, 03/Feb/2011 Article Rapid communications Open Access http://instance.metastore.ingenta.com/content/10.2807/ese.16.05.19780 [eurosurveillance.org]

Porath ASchlaeffer FLieberman D The epidemiology of community acquired pneumonias among hospitalized adults. J Infect. 1997;3441- 48 Google Scholar Crossref 11. [jamanetwork.com]

Pertinent clinical, epidemiologic, diagnostic and therapeutic information was then extracted from the patient’s chart by one of the authors (JAH). [remedypublications.com]

Pathophysiologically various data from mice models suggests that influenza virus infection damages the epithelium of the bronchi and lungs, allowing microaspirated bacterial pathogens to establish infection [ 8 ]. [bmcinfectdis.biomedcentral.com]

Recent interest in the pathophysiology of this disorder has focused on the role of streptococcal pyrogenic exotoxins (SPEs), extracellular products of group A streptococci that mediate not only scarlatiniform-like rashes but also multi-organ damage and [antimicrobe.org]

Prevention Preventing pneumonia in children is an essential component of a strategy to reduce child mortality. Immunization against Hib, pneumococcus, measles and whooping cough (pertussis) is the most effective way to prevent pneumonia. [who.int]

As a result, many studies agree that one way to prevent pneumococcal disease is to focus on the prevention of nasopharyngeal colonization (Bogaert et al. 2004). [microbewiki.kenyon.edu]

References 1 Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). [academic.oup.com]

(November 1, 2018) US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Strep Throat: All You Need to Know. Available online at https://www.cdc.gov/groupastrep/diseases-public/strep-throat.html. Accessed August 2020. [labtestsonline.it]

You’ll make yourself feel better and prevent the spread of the disease. [plushcare.com]